Emacs has one of the steepest learning curves of any software. New users must memorize many keyboard combinations for basic text editing. One user reported that writing a basic application in an unfamiliar programming language took less time than completing the Emacs tutorial.

Configuring a usable Emacs setup requires learning Emacs Lisp (Elisp) to alter keybindings, write extensions, and use the plugin ecosystem. While Elisp itself isn't impossible, understanding both the language AND Emacs-specific functionality is a vast undertaking. Users report getting lost in a sea of details.

Setting up Emacs for certain languages isn't straightforward, and as tooling and Emacs continuously change, configurations eventually stop working. A single misstep in configuration can make Emacs unusable. Users spend significant time maintaining and debugging configs.

New users face decision paralysis choosing between Doom Emacs (~3s startup), Spacemacs (~12s startup), or vanilla. Each has different philosophies. Spacemacs' master branch has only 1 commit since Feb 2020 while develop has 1,488, causing stability concerns. Doom has inconsistent keybindings that are hard to discover.

Users report Emacs hangs and freezes frequently in large codebases. Its synchronous nature means heavy operations block the entire editor. Font rendering can be slow on macOS. Unlike modern async editors, Emacs can become unresponsive during intensive tasks.

Emacs' extensive capabilities lead to performance issues including high memory usage, slow startup times, and laggy interface interactions if not properly optimized. Package loading overhead, missing lazy loading, and accumulated bloat cause these problems. Users report Emacs instances accumulating significant memory over long sessions.

The infamous 'Emacs Pinky' refers to pain in the pinky finger from heavy Control key usage. Emacs requires holding Control for almost any action beyond typing text. The key's position at the lower left corner, pressed repeatedly by the pinky, can cause Repetitive Strain Injury over time.

Emacs keybindings predate modern conventions. Ctrl+C doesn't copy, Ctrl+V doesn't paste, Ctrl+S doesn't save (it searches). This makes switching between Emacs and other applications frustrating. Users must consciously shift mental models or use CUA mode.

Emacs is often described as 'an operating system that happens to have a text editor.' While powerful, this scope overwhelms users who just want to edit code. Learning email (Gnus), file management (Dired), or Org-mode each requires significant investment.

The environment starts out bare and overwhelming. New users don't know where to begin among 10,000+ commands. The modal nature of Emacs (with or without Evil mode) adds complexity. Some community members dismiss complaints, claiming critics 'haven't put in minimal effort.'

G2 reviews report limited interaction with others and installation restrictions at work. Emacs' unique workflow makes collaboration with non-Emacs users difficult. Sharing configurations is impractical, and pair programming with standard IDE users is awkward.

Emacs has decades of accumulated code and conventions. Some features feel outdated compared to modern editors. The 1984 architecture, while proven, wasn't designed for modern async operations and can feel sluggish compared to editors built for contemporary workflows.