Unity Android Gradle Build Failed

How to fix it

Try these in order — the most common fix is first.

1. 1. Use the Unity-installed Android tools

   Copy steps
   1. Open Edit > Preferences > External Tools (Unity > Settings on macOS)
   2. Tick the 'Installed with Unity (recommended)' boxes for JDK, SDK, NDK, and Gradle
   3. Reinstall Android Build Support from Unity Hub if they are missing
   Did this fix it? Yes No

2. 2. Read the real Gradle error

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   1. Open Editor.log and search for 'FAILURE: Build failed' or 'What went wrong'
   2. Fix the dependency or class named there
   Did this fix it? Yes No

3. 3. Resolve duplicate libraries

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   1. Use External Dependency Manager: Assets > External Dependency Manager > Android Resolver > Force Resolve
   2. Remove duplicate .aar or .jar files from Assets/Plugins
   Did this fix it? Yes No

4. 4. Reset custom Gradle templates

   Copy steps
   1. Open Project Settings > Player > Android > Publishing Settings
   2. Untick custom Gradle template options, rebuild, and re-add only what you need
   Did this fix it? Yes No

5. 5. Set API levels

   1. Check Project Settings > Player > Other Settings for Minimum and Target API level against current Google Play requirements
   Did this fix it? Yes No

Symptoms

Console shows 'CommandInvokationFailure: Gradle build failed', 'Failed to install the following Android SDK packages', or duplicate class errors.

Why it happens

• Android SDK, NDK or JDK pointing to a custom install instead of the Unity-bundled one
• Gradle or Android Gradle Plugin version mismatch with the Unity version
• Duplicate classes from multiple plugins (for example Firebase or ads SDKs)
• Wrong minimum or target API level
• Old custom Gradle templates

This guide also covers

• unity gradle build failed
• unity android build failed
• commandinvokationfailure gradle build failed
• unity duplicate class gradle

Other Unity errors

• Unity Hub Not Opening
• Unity License Activation Failed
• Unity Editor Crashing
• Unity Build Failed
• Unity Package Manager Errors
• Unity Slow Compile and Domain Reload
• Why Is Unity Editor So Slow
• Unity Pink Materials After Changing Render Pipeline