Netlify Environment Variables Undefined

How to fix it

Try these in order — the most common fix is first.

1. 1. Set scopes

   1. Project configuration > Environment variables, include Builds (and Functions/Runtime as needed)
   Did this fix it? Yes No

2. 2. Use the framework prefix

   1. Rename to the framework's public prefix for client code
   Did this fix it? Yes No

3. 3. Use functions for secrets

   1. Read values at runtime inside a function
   Did this fix it? Yes No

4. 4. Redeploy

   1. Trigger a new deploy after changes
   Did this fix it? Yes No

Symptoms

process.env.X is undefined in the browser or in a function, or works locally but not on Netlify.

Why it happens

• Variable lacks the Builds scope
• Framework prefix missing (VITE_, NEXT_PUBLIC_)
• Relying on .env which is not read on Netlify
• Build variable used at runtime
• Not redeployed after change

This guide also covers

• netlify environment variables undefined
• netlify env not working
• netlify .env not working

Other Netlify errors

• Netlify Page Not Found on Refresh (SPA 404)
• Netlify Build Failed
• Netlify Deploy Stuck on Building or Enqueued
• Netlify Custom Domain Not Working
• Netlify SSL Certificate Pending or Not Provisioning
• Netlify Function Timeout (502 / 504)
• Netlify Site Paused: Credit Limit Reached
• Netlify Build Failed: Secrets Scanning Detected Secrets