Netlify Page Not Found on Refresh (SPA 404)

How to fix it

Try these in order — the most common fix is first.

1. 1. Add the SPA rewrite rule

   Copy steps
   1. Create a file named _redirects (no extension) in your public/ folder so the build copies it to the publish directory
   2. Add the line: /* /index.html 200
   3. Redeploy and refresh a deep link
   Did this fix it? Yes No

2. 2. Or use netlify.toml

   Copy steps
   1. Add [[redirects]] with from = "/*", to = "/index.html", status = 200
   2. Commit and redeploy
   Did this fix it? Yes No

3. 3. Check the file is in the deployed output

   Copy steps
   1. Open the deploy's Deploy details > Deploy summary and confirm _redirects is listed
   2. Confirm the publish directory under Project configuration > Build & deploy matches your build output (dist, build)
   Did this fix it? Yes No

4. 4. Force the rule when a file shadows it

   1. Use a status of 200! to override existing files, for example /app/* /app/index.html 200!
   Did this fix it? Yes No

5. 5. Use absolute asset paths

   1. Reference assets as /assets/x.js not relative paths, or add a <base> tag, so rewritten routes load their files
   Did this fix it? Yes No

6. 6. Fallback: HashRouter

   1. Switch BrowserRouter to HashRouter if you cannot add redirects
   Did this fix it? Yes No

Symptoms

The home page loads, but refreshing or opening a deep link such as /about shows Netlify's 'Page not found'.

Why it happens

• No rewrite rule, so the server finds no file for the route
• _redirects file not copied into the publish directory
• File named _redirects.txt or saved with an extension
• A real file shadows the rule
• Absolute vs relative asset paths break on rewritten pages

This guide also covers

• netlify page not found on refresh
• netlify react router 404
• netlify _redirects not working
• netlify spa redirect

The same problem in other apps

All not loading, error messages & connection guides →

• Vercel FUNCTION_INVOCATION_TIMEOUT (504) Error (Vercel)

Other Netlify errors

• Netlify Build Failed
• Netlify Deploy Stuck on Building or Enqueued
• Netlify Custom Domain Not Working
• Netlify SSL Certificate Pending or Not Provisioning
• Netlify Function Timeout (502 / 504)
• Netlify Site Paused: Credit Limit Reached
• Netlify Build Failed: Secrets Scanning Detected Secrets
• Netlify Environment Variables Undefined